h7n9  (Sino Biological)

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Intranasal replicon vaccine establishes mucosal immunity and protects against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-64829-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: For all assays, n = 6 (3 male and 3 female) animals per group. A Animal survival after challenge with 1 × 10 6 pfu of intranasally-delivered A/Anhui/PA-1/2013. B Averaged clinical scores. C Percent change in body weight from date of challenge. Two statistical hypotheses were tested within each figure, with filled lines showing comparisons to the vector control and dotted lines representing tests between key experimental groups. D – F Viral load in nasal wash at Day D 1, E 3, and F 5 post-challenge. Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. G H7-binding IgG antibody titers in pre-challenge ferret serum. H H7 pseudovirus neutralization capacity (IC 50 ) of pre-challenge ferret serum. G Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data used one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. H Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons. Data are presented as D – G mean +/− SD or H geometric mean +/− geometric SD. IN Intranasal, IM Intramuscular, LLOD lower limit of detection, NIBSC NIBSC Influenza Antigen A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9), ns not significant. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Associated body temperature data in Supplementary Fig. . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: Plates were coated with either H5(H5N1)(A/Vietnam/1203/2004) obtained from Immune Technology (#IT-003-0051p) or H7N9 (A/Anhui/1/2013) HA from Sino Biological (#40103-V08H) followed by blocking for 1 h. Each serum or BAL sample was diluted 1:40 or 1:4, respectively, and then serially 1:2 to create a 14-point dilution curve for each sample.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation, Control, Transformation Assay, Binding Assay, Neutralization

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Intranasal replicon vaccine establishes mucosal immunity and protects against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-64829-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: For all assays, n = 6 (3 male and 3 female) animals per group. A Animal survival after challenge with 1 × 10 6 pfu of intranasally-delivered A/Anhui/PA-1/2013. B Averaged clinical scores. C Percent change in body weight from date of challenge. Two statistical hypotheses were tested within each figure, with filled lines showing comparisons to the vector control and dotted lines representing tests between key experimental groups. D – F Viral load in nasal wash at Day D 1, E 3, and F 5 post-challenge. Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. G H7-binding IgG antibody titers in pre-challenge ferret serum. H H7 pseudovirus neutralization capacity (IC 50 ) of pre-challenge ferret serum. G Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data used one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. H Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons. Data are presented as D – G mean +/− SD or H geometric mean +/− geometric SD. IN Intranasal, IM Intramuscular, LLOD lower limit of detection, NIBSC NIBSC Influenza Antigen A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9), ns not significant. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Associated body temperature data in Supplementary Fig. . Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The Anti-H7N9 Hemagglutinin/HA Antibody (Sino Biological #11082-MM04) was used as a positive control for H7-specific ELISAs.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation, Control, Transformation Assay, Binding Assay, Neutralization

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Following DNA vaccination, cells at the site of injection will secrete vaccine proteins consisting of (i) a targeting unit (scFv) specific for either MHCII or HLAII molecules or the corresponding non-targeted control scFv against the hapten NIP, (ii) a dimerization unit derived from the hinge and C H 3 domain of hIgG3, and (iii) influenza hemagglutinin (HA). Created in BioRender. B Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated for vaccine protein expression by ELISA with the indicated coat and detection mAbs. C - E BALB/c mice (n = 8/group), were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were for the indicated timepoints analyzed for antibodies against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( C ) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (HS) in ELISA ( D ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl by Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. E At day 42 after vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss) (see Supplementary Fig. for weight loss). F DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 8 mice/group) were vaccinated once i.d. and sera collected by cardiac puncture at day 45 post vaccination for evaluation in a pseudotype neutralization assay against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and HS. Further, A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) was included as a negative control virus (not shown). * p < 0.05 as compared to corresponding NIP by the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Derivative Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus, Transgenic Assay, Neutralization, Negative Control

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated in triplicates for protein expression by ELISA with mAbs against the C H 3-based dimerization unit both for coating and detection. B – D DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 6–8/group) were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were evaluated for IgG at different timepoints in ELISA against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ) and HS ( C ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl with Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D At day 47 post vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss). * p < 0.05 for αHLAII-HS (NTC) vs αHLAII-HS (pUM) with Mantel-Cox test.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Transgenic Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Study design: Ferrets were allocated to three groups ( n = 8/group) and DNA vaccinated twice at days 0 and 33 with jet injections intradermally. Blood samples were collected longitudinally, as indicated, for evaluations of antibody and T-cell responses. At day 56, ferrets were challenged with A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. At day 60, the experiment was ended and animals necropsied. IgG in sera from vaccinated ferrets was evaluated individually at different timepoints in ELISA against HA from A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ), and HS ( C ). *p < 0.0003 for αHLAII-HS (3 mg) vs. αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg) and NaCl, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D Geometric mean (±95% CI) haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers (reciprocal values) in sera against inactivated whole virus influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 virus. Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results for αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg). Sera after one ( E ) and two DNA vaccinations ( F ) were evaluated in a pseudotype neutralization assays against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9). * p < 0.02 as compared to NaCl, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. G Number of spot-forming cells (SFC) in IFNγ ELISpot (mean ± 95% CI) after in vitro stimulation with inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. n = 8/group, except for the 3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 5) and 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 2) vaccinated ferrets on day 12. Further, on day 40, n = 6 for 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS, and n = 7 for NaCl. Kruskal Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison: ns: non-significant. ** p < 0.01 as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results of αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg).

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison, Inhibition, Neutralization, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, In Vitro

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ferrets were challenged with influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) and monitored for clinical signs of disease ( n = 8 per group). A Mean body temperature based on continuous measurements. Due to the malfunctioning of one transponder, n = 7 for the 3.0 mg αHLAII-HS group. See Supplementary Fig. for individual values. B Mean body weight (±95% CI), where values are expressed as percentages related to the body weight prior to challenge (defined as 100%). C Mean clinical sum score (±95% CI) based on observations twice daily (* on x -axis indicates afternoon session), including depression, nasal discharge and respiratory distress. See Supplementary Fig. for scoring of clinical signs. D PCR equivalent viral titers in throat swabs. Shown is geometric mean (±95% CI). E PCR equivalent titers (TCID 50 /gr) in tissue samples from nasal turbinates, trachea, and lung at necropsy on day 4 post viral infection. Shown is geometric mean (±95% CI). Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns: non significant. For nasal turbinates n = 7 of 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS and NaCl vaccinated ferrets; for trachea n = 7 of 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS vaccinated ferrets. F Viral titers in lung homogenates analysed by end-point titration on MDCK cells. Based on tissue weights, viral titers were calculated as TCID 50 / gram tissue. Geometric mean (±95% CI) is shown. Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Infection, Comparison, Titration

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Following DNA vaccination, cells at the site of injection will secrete vaccine proteins consisting of (i) a targeting unit (scFv) specific for either MHCII or HLAII molecules or the corresponding non-targeted control scFv against the hapten NIP, (ii) a dimerization unit derived from the hinge and C H 3 domain of hIgG3, and (iii) influenza hemagglutinin (HA). Created in BioRender. B Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated for vaccine protein expression by ELISA with the indicated coat and detection mAbs. C - E BALB/c mice (n = 8/group), were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were for the indicated timepoints analyzed for antibodies against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( C ) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (HS) in ELISA ( D ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl by Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. E At day 42 after vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss) (see Supplementary Fig. for weight loss). F DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 8 mice/group) were vaccinated once i.d. and sera collected by cardiac puncture at day 45 post vaccination for evaluation in a pseudotype neutralization assay against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and HS. Further, A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) was included as a negative control virus (not shown). * p < 0.05 as compared to corresponding NIP by the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Article Snippet: HA [A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9): 40104-V08B; A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9): 40239-V08B, both from Sino Biological Inc.], blocked with 1% BSA, and incubated with serially diluted serum samples.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Derivative Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus, Transgenic Assay, Neutralization, Negative Control

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated in triplicates for protein expression by ELISA with mAbs against the C H 3-based dimerization unit both for coating and detection. B – D DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 6–8/group) were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were evaluated for IgG at different timepoints in ELISA against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ) and HS ( C ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl with Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D At day 47 post vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss). * p < 0.05 for αHLAII-HS (NTC) vs αHLAII-HS (pUM) with Mantel-Cox test.

Article Snippet: HA [A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9): 40104-V08B; A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9): 40239-V08B, both from Sino Biological Inc.], blocked with 1% BSA, and incubated with serially diluted serum samples.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Transgenic Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Study design: Ferrets were allocated to three groups ( n = 8/group) and DNA vaccinated twice at days 0 and 33 with jet injections intradermally. Blood samples were collected longitudinally, as indicated, for evaluations of antibody and T-cell responses. At day 56, ferrets were challenged with A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. At day 60, the experiment was ended and animals necropsied. IgG in sera from vaccinated ferrets was evaluated individually at different timepoints in ELISA against HA from A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ), and HS ( C ). *p < 0.0003 for αHLAII-HS (3 mg) vs. αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg) and NaCl, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D Geometric mean (±95% CI) haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers (reciprocal values) in sera against inactivated whole virus influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 virus. Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results for αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg). Sera after one ( E ) and two DNA vaccinations ( F ) were evaluated in a pseudotype neutralization assays against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9). * p < 0.02 as compared to NaCl, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. G Number of spot-forming cells (SFC) in IFNγ ELISpot (mean ± 95% CI) after in vitro stimulation with inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. n = 8/group, except for the 3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 5) and 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 2) vaccinated ferrets on day 12. Further, on day 40, n = 6 for 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS, and n = 7 for NaCl. Kruskal Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison: ns: non-significant. ** p < 0.01 as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results of αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg).

Article Snippet: HA [A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9): 40104-V08B; A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9): 40239-V08B, both from Sino Biological Inc.], blocked with 1% BSA, and incubated with serially diluted serum samples.

Techniques: Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison, Inhibition, Neutralization, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, In Vitro

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Following DNA vaccination, cells at the site of injection will secrete vaccine proteins consisting of (i) a targeting unit (scFv) specific for either MHCII or HLAII molecules or the corresponding non-targeted control scFv against the hapten NIP, (ii) a dimerization unit derived from the hinge and C H 3 domain of hIgG3, and (iii) influenza hemagglutinin (HA). Created in BioRender. B Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated for vaccine protein expression by ELISA with the indicated coat and detection mAbs. C - E BALB/c mice (n = 8/group), were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were for the indicated timepoints analyzed for antibodies against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( C ) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (HS) in ELISA ( D ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl by Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. E At day 42 after vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss) (see Supplementary Fig. for weight loss). F DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 8 mice/group) were vaccinated once i.d. and sera collected by cardiac puncture at day 45 post vaccination for evaluation in a pseudotype neutralization assay against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and HS. Further, A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) was included as a negative control virus (not shown). * p < 0.05 as compared to corresponding NIP by the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Injection, Control, Derivative Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus, Transgenic Assay, Neutralization, Negative Control

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Supernatants from transiently transfected 293E cells were evaluated in triplicates for protein expression by ELISA with mAbs against the C H 3-based dimerization unit both for coating and detection. B – D DQ2 transgenic mice ( n = 6–8/group) were vaccinated once i.d. with 25 µg DNA encoding the indicated vaccines. Sera from individual vaccinated mice were evaluated for IgG at different timepoints in ELISA against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ) and HS ( C ). * p < 0.05 as compared to NaCl with Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D At day 47 post vaccination, mice were challenged with a 5xLD50 dose of influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) virus. Depicted is survival as defined by the humane endpoint (20% weight loss). * p < 0.05 for αHLAII-HS (NTC) vs αHLAII-HS (pUM) with Mantel-Cox test.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Transgenic Assay, Vaccines, Comparison, Virus

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Study design: Ferrets were allocated to three groups ( n = 8/group) and DNA vaccinated twice at days 0 and 33 with jet injections intradermally. Blood samples were collected longitudinally, as indicated, for evaluations of antibody and T-cell responses. At day 56, ferrets were challenged with A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. At day 60, the experiment was ended and animals necropsied. IgG in sera from vaccinated ferrets was evaluated individually at different timepoints in ELISA against HA from A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) ( B ), and HS ( C ). *p < 0.0003 for αHLAII-HS (3 mg) vs. αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg) and NaCl, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D Geometric mean (±95% CI) haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers (reciprocal values) in sera against inactivated whole virus influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 virus. Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results for αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg). Sera after one ( E ) and two DNA vaccinations ( F ) were evaluated in a pseudotype neutralization assays against A/Shanghai/1/2013 (H7N9) and A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9). * p < 0.02 as compared to NaCl, One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. G Number of spot-forming cells (SFC) in IFNγ ELISpot (mean ± 95% CI) after in vitro stimulation with inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus. n = 8/group, except for the 3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 5) and 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS ( n = 2) vaccinated ferrets on day 12. Further, on day 40, n = 6 for 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS, and n = 7 for NaCl. Kruskal Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison: ns: non-significant. ** p < 0.01 as compared to NaCl. Left of “/ “ = results of αHLAII-HS (3 mg), right results of αHLAII-HS (0.3 mg).

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Virus, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison, Inhibition, Neutralization, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, In Vitro

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: An HLAII-targeted DNA vaccine against influenza H7N9 protected mice and ferrets from a virus challenge

doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01341-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ferrets were challenged with influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) and monitored for clinical signs of disease ( n = 8 per group). A Mean body temperature based on continuous measurements. Due to the malfunctioning of one transponder, n = 7 for the 3.0 mg αHLAII-HS group. See Supplementary Fig. for individual values. B Mean body weight (±95% CI), where values are expressed as percentages related to the body weight prior to challenge (defined as 100%). C Mean clinical sum score (±95% CI) based on observations twice daily (* on x -axis indicates afternoon session), including depression, nasal discharge and respiratory distress. See Supplementary Fig. for scoring of clinical signs. D PCR equivalent viral titers in throat swabs. Shown is geometric mean (±95% CI). E PCR equivalent titers (TCID 50 /gr) in tissue samples from nasal turbinates, trachea, and lung at necropsy on day 4 post viral infection. Shown is geometric mean (±95% CI). Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns: non significant. For nasal turbinates n = 7 of 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS and NaCl vaccinated ferrets; for trachea n = 7 of 0.3 mg αHLAII-HS vaccinated ferrets. F Viral titers in lung homogenates analysed by end-point titration on MDCK cells. Based on tissue weights, viral titers were calculated as TCID 50 / gram tissue. Geometric mean (±95% CI) is shown. Kruskal–Wallis per timepoint followed by Wilcoxon test for pair-wise comparison, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, as compared to NaCl.

Article Snippet: On the next day, 5 × 10 5 cells per well on U-shaped cell culture plates were incubated with 5 μg/ml of BPL inactivated A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) (NIBSC 16/238), or 5 μg/ml of HA protein from A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) (Sino Biological, 40239-V08H) for 20-24 hours at 37 °C in a 5% CO 2 incubator.

Techniques: Infection, Comparison, Titration